Criação e destruição de postos de trabalho por tamanho de empresa na indústria brasileira

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to identify the role of small and large Brazilian industrial firms in the process of creating new jobs between 1986 and 1995. The data were taken from a sample of Pesquisa Industrial Anual (PIA), an annual industrial survey conducted by the Industry Department of IBGE. According to recent studies for other countries, the ability of small companies to create jobs has been overestimated due to statistical problems, which are avoided by the methodology used in this paper. The paper also evaluates the quality of the jobs created by these firms, using as main indicators wages and job stability. The main results of the study are: a) micro, small and mid-sized companies account for about the same share of job creation and destruction as large firms; b) small companies have the highest rates of job creation and destruction; c) large firms pay the highest wages and benefits; and d) job stability does not depend on firm size. The results are in line with the high turnover of the Brazilian labor market found in other studies [Gonzaga (1998)].