College graduates, but uninvolved in the labor market or unemployed

Abstract

This research reports the incidence of Brazilian young college graduates – individuals between 22 and 29 years old with college degree – but uninvolved in the labor market or unemployed, defined in this study as 3D generation. According to data from Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios (PNAD), between 1995 and 2015, the percentage of people included in the 3D generation increased from 10.1% to 16.5%. Considering specific demographic subgroups, there is a higher incidence between blacks and browns, women and people in the North and Northeast regions. The empirical investigation of the main demographic, economic and social characteristics shows that the chances of young people belonging to the 3D generation are positively associated with living with the parents, having income that does not derive from work, the schooling of the head of the household and the hours spent on housework. The findings also reveal that younger college graduates tend to have greater difficulty to find a job.