Mudanças no desemprego e nos rendimentos do trabalho por nível de qualificação no Brasil

Abstract

Since the beginning of the 1990 the skilled workers unemployment rate decreased in comparison to those of the semi- and unskilled workers. At the same time, the skilled labor earnings increased relative to the earnings of the semi-skilled individuals. This paper seeks to decompose the changes in the unemployment rate and labor earnings across skill groups using a theoretical model that comprises labor demand and supply factors. The empirical analysis uses data from the Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios (PNAD) for the period 1981-2003. The results indicate that skilled workers were favored by an increase in their relative productivity but part of this effect was offset by an increase in the proportion of skilled workers in the labor force.