Estimativas do impacto de mudanças de renda e de preços no consumo no Brasil

Abstract

The estimates of income and price elasticities, together with the estimates of effects of household composition are the paper's main contributions. The data from Estudo Nacional de Despesa Familiar (Endef) 1974/75 were used. The sample size of 53.000 households were splited into thirds The first third has been used for exploratory purposes: we experimented with the functional form of the demand function, the level of price and demographic aggregation and the instruments for per capita expenditure. Based on these results, we chose our specification and proceeded to estimate it using the second third Tests of zero homogeneity of prices and income are decisively rejected at the 0.01 level, for 15 out of the 20 commodity equations, and are jointly rejected (P = 24.3) as well The expenditure elasticities evaluated at median per capita expenditure, are significantly different from zero at the 0.01 level of all commodities and there is evidence of substantial curvature in the income elasticities.